Hammer



July 12, 1,932. w. A. BABE` 1,867,201

HAMMER Filed DeG.-l2. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 @MM 37 J5 j l C Q o f5@ IN VEN TOR.

Patented July v12, 1932 UNITED ,STATES WALTER A.JBA: BB, OFGLENDALE, CALIFORNIA y 'HLAMMER M j Application `filed December 12, 1927. Serial .Nol 239,445.

This invention relates toV hammers, and

particularly to a small portable hammer for prospectors work and for rapidly drilling holes for explosives in places where electric '5 or other power is not available or convenient. At the present time it is necessary for a prospector, miner or other personwho must drill holes for the placing of explosives or for other purposes in unsettledV districts to laboriously drill his holes withv sledge and rock drill. Such procedure is tedious and tiresome and, when but one man is available, very inconvenient for him to both hold the .0. drill and strike his blows with any degree ofi force. Furthermore, much better results are secured Vby the striking vof a series of rapid blows than by the striking of heavier intermitteilt blows. Furthermore rotational feedi `ing of the bit is very diiiicult under 'such circumstances, due to the inability of one holding the drill by hand to hold the bit in position for the successive chipping off ofsmall particles around the bottom of the hole. The `tendency of a hand-controlled drill being to slip into the bottom of the cavities formedby previous blows.

. chipping off the unsupported edges as the drill rotates. It is also very important in devicesof this character that impact strains be properly guarded and that, in so far as` possible, the framework is, or acts as, a unitary structure,

blows may be given to the drill-bit.

Another object of this invention is to give a successive rotary feeding movement to the so drill-bit during operation.

Better results are securedwhen the blows are struck on the edge of previouslyV formed cavities, thus successivelyV at the same time having sufficient vflexibility.

Another object of this inventionv isto pro-f4 vide such a device in which a series of rapid Y Another object of this invention is to pro- PATENT'- oFFicE vide such a device which will be simple to make, repair and operate, and of lasting anddurable construction, but which may 1 be easily dis-assembled for packing or transportation. i v. y

Another `object of the invention is to pro- `vide such a device in which theassembling bolts take none of the impact stresses of operation. f

Other objects will be apparent fromthe following description and will be finally pointed out in the claims. y

In thedrawings which show a form of invention, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the Y device; Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof; Fig. 3 is a side Velevation taken from the side opposite Fig. 1, showing the devicel in use on a tripod; 'F ig. l is a section on line L lof Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-'5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a section on line 6 6 of Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is aperspective view of the upper head. j Y' Y' Upon a Aframe `A is mountedthe driving mechanism Bfor reciprocating a hammer block C. A drill-bit D may be mounted in the frame A andis fed by the rotating mechanismE. The frameA comprises an upper head 10, a lower head 11, a right-hand sidel member 12, and a left-hand side member 13,

The upper head `1() is a block havingk a semicylindrical upper'end 14.-. Projections 15 eX- tend from the sides thereof'and also have semi-cylindrically shaped upper surfaces 16, concentric with the surface 14, but of smaller radius. The projections 15 are somewhat narrower than the head itself, forming a ledge for the attachment of theside members 12 and 13, thefbolt-holes'l extending throughA the body outside of the projections 15. i The lower head 11 is of similar formation and isprovided with a semi-cylindrical end portion V19V and projections 20, having semi-cylindrical'portions 21, and is provided with a vertical bore22, which carries the drill bushing v23.' llfhe side members 12 and 13 are in the shape of elongated chain-links, and are of angular; section, the outstanding leg 2i of the angle being adjacent, the link openingand facing outwardly; The ends'of this opening areV shaped for the reception of the projections 15 and 20 on the heads 10 and'll, respectively,

and bolt-holes in the vertical legs 25 of the side members 12 and 13 correspond to vthe bolt-holes 18 in the upper and lower heads, and bolts 26 fitted therein hold the headslO and 11 and side members 12 and 13 in assembly.., ,Y a y The hammer-block G is mountedifor reciprocation between the side members 12 and 13,

and has attached thereto lipped guide mem- 'bers 27, which are guidedlythe opposing? faces of the outstanding legs 24 of the said sidel members.` These guide members may be connected by pins 28 andspacers 29,or may be attached in any otherl way to the hammer bloclfG. Onfeachrsidel of the hammer block and upon one ot thel scribed. Onthe upperrend of thefblocl; and

forming a part thereof is a cup-shapedreceptaelef31itor the reception of thelowerf'end of aV spring 32, the upper endfot which is rte-- ceiyedvinthe recess17-in theuppen head.i 10. A mandrel 33 atliXed to the upperV headilOI serves.v to guide the spring; 32y and'. to keep it, from buckling.

A pair of two-lobed-i.camsv affixedtotlashatt; 35 which .isjonrnalled in thesidefmem- Vbers 12 andv1-3,=inbossesz36, andiotfset tromth'e: linef ofI travel. ot theffhammer block C,v is a,daptedtoactuatethebloclethrough.theirollL ers-30..vv These cams-aliave;workinglobes=-34--v and cutaway Jportions.- 34e-bav chain,Y drivefv 38:- and; the gearing; 39,Y prefervably to givie'an'increaseimrotative speed of:VV the cam-shaft 35 over the rotation of theV crankBi-Kthe-amount of suchincreasefbeing dependent upon the; power required1 t'o open ate thehammen in l.themanner;desired.. lV-itl'r a.. light hammer blocls an'df light spring, thestep-up may. be@l considerable, but withfaf heavierfblock andffheavier spring a speed? duction may` be desired, any. ratio beingf obtainable by easilyv changed gearing.:`

e 'lhefdrill bus-hing 23A is affixed to-tliednill:

YDfby asset-screw1403whicl passes through: a

ond; collar 42 is` afiifxe'dx tofthie: difillibushingfi below the he ad? 1-1 the relation bein g such as'` to-r allow a limited movement of'fthebushing verticallythrough the bore-22.*. Afxedfto'the: top et the. drill bushing 23/ is ai ratchet. wheel.

43:' A ,pawlz44iisiyieldingly mounted? on; one

afrmwof; af bell-cra1il -levery 45'-,y jouinalled' inthe side-me1nbersz12 and 13infbosses241; a secondi anni 471i of. the-,belllcranliii lever 45, connected by ai link 48' tov a projecting arm- 4910ia forkedk lever 50",,j ourinalled: in the'side members 1-2 andf13-,in.bosses 51.. The-fforkedfend' 52 of the lever tl-.st-ra/ddl'es the spring 32'. and:`

hammerisf raised',k it strikes' the: forked end" 5210i theflever near 'theft'opiot im stnolre,` rais-f ing itl sufficiently to actuatethe ratchet' pawl- Y Y pins 28 are mounted, rollersl 30, iorj thea purpose. hereinafter de- K Shaft 3.5 is; operated:fromt the ihandcrank 3.7 ythrough the thetnipod':F5 These'. vtongues 56 slide in `grooved extensions 57 of a supporting member' '58. This `supporting `member 58 is Vtapped as at 597or the reception oi a feed screw 60, journalled: in and restrained against longitudinal;-l movement by. abracket 6L ailiXed-tof-the--upper head 10 against'v which-v.

the-'set collars: 64 bear'.

handzwheel/ 63- of thefeedfserew 60 ,is .rotatetd,

the` .drilling unit may be fed into or awayV romtheformationbeingdrilled.l V-

Y In operation, the device iseitlierr used inzf the: tripodx asl-illustrated inf Fig, 3, or. t is supi* ported by hand.` over the formationltobe drilled, andthe crank-z 37 turned asfpossible'. Through the ehaindrive andv gear-ing, Y mer bloclcraised against the resistance ofthef spring 32, by the actionoff these cams-"agai11st'v therollers- 30.4 Since-f the;v cam isiv offset 'with raga-ndi tothe line. of travel-1ot" thehammer bloelqthe cut-away portion-34b ofi-the cam:

allows the hammer 'bloclrto ldeseendfundei;the

action, ot theispring with.y great rapidity, the head, ot the, drill; supported,*inak striking the drill bushing 23.L The weightof, .theI

entire apparatus is, priorto, the blow,resitf; ing onnqthe` collar 42, and hence upon: the

drillbit. Asthefhammerblock descendsmndl strikes-V the` bit,`the vbit is .driven vsomewhatv into, the tormatiomxthe bushingI assuming tlieV approximate. position shown; in. and 2. The greater inertia of the 'trame not allowing it' toz. immediately' tollow` lthe drill bitandbushinga secondblow is giventoztheA bit asethevframe descends:uponv the collar42.f

Almost the *ful-l: force off the hammer lblowisA effect-ive,` against. the comparatively. small;

inertiav of the drill bit, thel trame floating, as iti were, at the momentvo impacts, The;

reaction of` the, spring*k againstr the, frame isA absorbed4 (on. account of its relativefweighti). in1 raising the frame distance.v y Y 'Ehe construction ofthe side frameinlinl, form, together with otlthe` headsVwhereby all the strain caused by the impacts, is transmitted through. theheads directly to the?l links, relieves theassembly-4 bolts of any` operatin'gqstra'insf; Ji`;act,.the bolts merely hold the device together,trans-` versely. The link sideI member-s are ini tension 3nd,; beinglong and. ofcomparatively the cams 34 arerotatedand-the ham-,-

througha. veryv slight:l

the special constructiong The support.y 5.81- is; mounted forj angularadjustmentI upontheY tripodF bytheuniversallr joint2. V-Asethe..

light section, absorb and cushion enough of i the blow to prevent fatigue and consequent f fracture of the frame. The angular section puts this relatively small portion of the A' weight in such a form as to resist accidental..`

side stresses, as well as the side and cross bearing stresses of the hammer block.

The links are also supported crosswise by the projections on the heads so that there is no tendency for them to collapse as in an ordinary chain link with a concentratedcen- -tral load.

Obviously other types of link members may be used to interlock the two heads so as to directly take the impact stresses of operation upon the links. l

The operation of the ratchet mechanism self-evident from the drawings and fore# going description. The ratchet pawls arel made wide enough for the vertical movement g of the drill bushing.

It will be apparent that rotation of the bit takes place through this ratchet mechanism just prior to the release of the hammer block and the striking of the blow.

Having thus described one form of my invention, it is obvious that many and various Y changes may be made in the mechanism without departing from the true spirit v of the invention.

I claim:

l. A device of the character disclosed, in-

cluding a supporting frame, a hammer block mounted for reciprocation within such frame, means for reciprocating such hammer block, means for holding Va bit in position in the path of such hammer block, means for rotating such holding means, such rotating means including a ratchet on such holding means, a lever pivoted to the frame, a portion of such lever lying in the path of the hammer block and adapted to be operated during the upstroke thereof, a bell-crank lever pivoted to the frame, a pawl carried by such bell-crank lever and adapted to actua-te the ratchet, and a connection between the iirst namedlever and the bell-crank lever, whereby reciproca tion of the hammer block serves to rotate such holding means. Y

2. A hammer including a supporting frame comprising opposed heads, linkshaped side members detachably aliiXed to said heads andhaving openings in the ends thereof, the said heads having a portion thereof adapted to fit within the openings of the side members and to support such side members against lateral deformation, ahammer block mounted for reoiprocation along the frame, and means for reciprocating said hammer block.

In witness whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

WALTER A. BABB. 

